GRAMMAR RATIONAL CLOZE

        

 

        What you must know about rational cloze;

        a. It asks about GRAMMAR

        b. It asks about VOCABULARY

 

    By now you should already know;

 

    Legend:

    Singular subject         =    one subject only, 1 person, 1 animal, 1 fruit, 1 place, 1 pronoun

                    (1 subjek sahaja , I orang, 1 binatang, 1 buah, 1 tempat, 1 kata ganti nama)

 

    Plural subjects        =    two subjects , 2 people, 2 animals, 2 fruits, 2 places, 2 pronouns

                    (2 subjek, 2 orang, 2 binatang, 2 buah, 2 tempat, 2 kata ganti nama)

 

1. The SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
   

 

SINGULAR SUBJECTS He She It Aminah The lion The book		Is was   Has had verb + s   Does did
PLURAL SUBJECTS I You We They The students Gina and Rita Jing Ying and her boyfriend		Are were   Have had verb - s   Do did

 

1. The types of TENSES AND WHEN TO USE THEM
   

TYPES	SIMPLE	CONTINUOUS	PERFECT	PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT	I eat everyday.	I am eating now.	She has eaten the cake 2 minutes ago.	She has been running for 2 hours now.
PAST	He ate the cake yesterday.	He was eating when I called him.	He had eaten this type of cake before.	He had been running to the store when I saw him.
FUTURE	Aminah will go to Australia tomorrow.	Amin will be sleeping at his mother's house tomorrow.	-	-

 

1. The prepositions and the meanings
   

   Using AT
   

   
    

• For small places : at the store, at the hospital, at the school, at Taman Molek, at Desa Harmoni, at Pandan
  
• For time : at 10 o'clock, at 5 in the morning, at night, at noon
  

Using IN

• For big places : in Johor Bahru, in Pasir Gudang, in Johor, in Pahang, in Singapore, in Malaysia
  
• To state that the person / object is 'INSIDE' the building /place : in the hospital, in the school, in the area, in the box
  
• For time : in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening (YOU CANNOT SAY ' at the morning, at the afternoon, at the evening = TAK BOLEH BUAT AYAT INI)
  

 

1. The non-action verbs & types of non-action verbs & when to use them
   

               NON-ACTION VERBS                        WITH VERBS
   

   
    

Verbs to Be	Is (singular, present) was (singular, I, past) Are (plural, present) were (plural, past) Am (I, present)	See notes
Verbs to Have	Has Have Had	See notes
Verbs to Do	Do (Plural, Present) Does (singular, present) Did (past, singular and plural)	See notes
Modal Verbs	Can (boleh) could (mungkin boleh) May (boleh tak) might (mungkin akan) Will (akan) would (akan) Must (mesti) Shall (akan) should (sepatutnya)   Have to (mesti) Need to (perlu) Able to (boleh) Ought to (sepatutnya)	Basic verbs only Can eat Will sleep + must take Have to keep Need to rest Able to work Ought to stand   CANNOT USE Can ate can eaten Will sleeping will slept Must taken must took May rented may rents

 

        5. ADJECTIVES - BASIC, COMPARATIVE, SUPERLATIVE

    Using Basic Adjectives

    Slow

    The bus is slow.

    The slow bus is taking a long time to get there.

    She has a slow sister.

 

    Using Comparative adjective

    Slower

    The bus is slower than a snail.

 

    Using Superlative Adjective

    Slowest

    The Kancil is the slowest car among all types of cars.

 

    The little girl runs the slowest among her friends. – the girl is the slowest runner if compared to her other

                                friends.

 

1. PRONOUNS – personal pronouns and possessive pronouns
   

   
    

Personal pronouns as subject   (pronoun + verb / predicate)	Personal pronouns as object   1.Preposition + pronoun 2.Action verb + pronoun	Possessive pronouns as subject (pronoun + noun)	Possessive Pronouns as Object (is /are/was/were + pronoun)
I have a book.	1. The book belongs to me. 2. My brother hit me.	My book is on the table.	The book is mine.
You have a cat.	1. The girl ran towards you. 2. The cat likes you.	Your cat is over there.	The cat is yours.
We have a dog.	1.The dog is with us. 2. The dog licked us. 3.Rita bathed us yesterday.	Our dog is running.	The dog was ours.
They want to eat.	1.Your mother is beside them. 2.His mother is petting them. 3.Rosa loved her.	Their car is huge.	Those lions were theirs.
He sleeps after eating.	1.My brother brought him the book. 2.Dave walked after him.	His father is a soldier.	The cars were his.
She walked by the haunted house.	Jonas marks are beneath hers. Tan always makes him cry.	My sister and her sister are best friends.	Our pens are now hers.
It is a cute lion.	Li Ling pushed it into the lake. Indra pushed the bowl at it.	Its tail is long.	The milk is it's.

 

1. Adverbs - when to use them = after a verb – use to add detail to the verb in use.
   

• Sometimes, often, usually, every day, every year, every time, (every + month, week, fortnight, Sunday, Mother's Day, birthday…..), rarely, all the time, many times, once a week, yesterday, tomorrow, two weeks from now, last year, most of the time……..etc
  
• Carefully, slowly, beautifully, hurriedly, gently, quickly, ( ADJECTIVE + LY)
  

  
   

1. Articles – a, an, the
   

   Remember;
   

   You CANNOT USE - 'the' or 'a' or 'an' IN FRONT OF A PROPER NOUN (KATA NAMA KHAS)
   

   
    

   The Hospital Sultanah Aminah         = WRONG
   

   The Clinic Rambutan            = WRONG
   

   
    

   The Pn.     Najihah                = WRONG
   

   The En. Mohd Rafy            = WRONG
   

   
    

   The Restaurant Adibah            = WRONG
   

   The Kedai Runcit Syafiq            = WRONG
   

   
    

   The SMK Sultan Ereen Shah        = WRONG
   

   The University Joseph Ng        = WRONG
   

   
    

   The Taman Sultan Kamaruzzaman = WRONG
   

   The Jalan Hao Jie         = WRONG
   

   
    

   YOU MUST USE THE ARTICLE 'THE' in front of
   

   
    

   OBJECTS (objek / benda – the pencil, the book, the car….)
   

   OBJECTS / PLACES / PEOPLE YOU HAVE REFERRED TO BEFORE (benda / tempat / orang anda telah rujuk sebelum itu)